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THE 



A NEW AND COMPLETE SYSTEM 



red 



PHP ffi% *ft) ETll. TM7? f\. 5Njfl rKv 



IX WHICH THE SUBJECT IS BENDERED EASY, SIMPLE, AND ATTAINABLE 
WITHOUT A TEACHER, 

WITH PRINTED NOTES AND DIRECTIONS 

FRONTING THE PLATES, 

Intended as n cortn'm «ml expeditious liuide to the art of noting* down 
Public Discourses, Speeches and Debates, as delivered in the 

PULPIT, SENATE, COURTS OF JUSTICE, &c. 



w." 



SECOND EDITION, IJIPROVED AND ENLARGED, 



BY D.iiEWETT, 



•* There is nothing" more admirable nor more useful than the invention of Signs. Ab= 
breviations are the Wheels of Language, the Wings of Mercury >•" r /-» 

HORNB^TOOKE, 



COPY HIUKT CECTTPtVRl' 



WASHINGTON CITY. 

PRINTED BY JAMES WILSON, 



1824. 



^ 



-1 



* 



lr 



> 






INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. 



Stexkoghaphy or Short Hand in its most extensive sense, means the 
-art of substituting- simple characters or signs for common manuscript 
letters; abridging* \* ords and sentences, and writing" them with rapidity. 

Its great use is for taking* down the Pleas and Arguments made in 
Courts of Justice; Speeches made in Senates and Legislative Assemblies, 
or discourses dilivered from the f ulpit. From these are often heard 
strains of eloquence, in discussing subjects which relate to the rig*hts and 
privileg-es, the lives, or the more important eternal happiness of man- 
kind; yet heard only to die on the ears of a few Auditors and pass to ob- 
livion, for the want of this simple Art, which any person can acquire 
in forty-eight hours. An Art, the value of which, enlarges in our esti- 
mation, in proportion to the attention with which we consider it. An art 
by which the language of eloquence glowing from the Orator's tongue, 
obtains a permanency of existence limited not by the walls of a forum, 
or Legislative Hall, but reheard in distant Countries, remote times and 
ages. It is this Art that would have preserved from fatal oblivion the 
American Congressional debates during" the Revolutionary war; when 
a Great Champion* of the rights of mankind, made 

" Crowds rise to reason, while his accents rung, 
And Independence thundered from his tongue."f 

The Greeks and Romans cultivated and advanced Stenography to a 
degree of practical perfection. In so high estimation was this Art held 
among the Romans, that even one of their Emperors excelled in it, and 
was so attached to the Art of making the pen vie with the tongue in ra- 
pidity, that he by way of amusement used to write in competition with 
one of his prime ministers. 

The modern Europeans, particularly the English, have reduced Short 
Hand to a regular system, and given such exemplary proofs of its' easy, 
certain attainment, and of its practicability as neither stupidity nor pre- 
judice can resist. And it is a matter of surprise, that an art of such im- 
portance, and one which almost every person seems desirous of obtaining*, 
should be so much neglected in the United States. It mig-ht easily be 
introduced into Schools and Seminaries as a regular branch, and ac- 
quired by scholars at an early period of their education. To promote 
which the following* method may be adopted viz: Let Scholars write 
in this hand (after having learnt some good system,) their morning or dai- 
ly tasks, (which are usually committed to memory,) on Grammar, Ge- 
ography, or any other branch, and let them read over the subject to the 
instructor, as written in Stenographic Style instead of reciting* memoriter. 
It will hardly be necessary for them to write every word at large, but 
the substance of the matter only, which circumstance will have an ex- 
cellent effect in objigreg* them to think and descriminate instead 
of repeating, like a parrot, what they do not understand. In short for 
any person to understand and practise Stenography it is only necessary 
for him to promptly devote a few leisure hours each day, and g"o through 



*John Adams. 

f" Of these Speeches and debates," says the Venerable and Patriotic 
American Statesman, above named, '-there is no memorial. I consider 
them as entirely lost." — For want of Short Hand Reporters. 



this system according" to the directions given in their proper places. 
Six or eight hours devoted to the Theory of the Art, or in writing and 
committing 1 the letters and correspondent characters to memory, then 
thirty or foity hours practice, at different times, will render a person suf- 
ficiently expeditions in noting* down, not only the substance but probab- 
ly every essential word which is deliberately pronounced by a public 
orator. 

This is putting the time even longer than some would require. I have 
devoted much attention to the arrangement of this system, which, if it 
has no other merits, may claim those of brevity, clearness and simplicity. 
In preparing, it I tried every possible form of characters that would unite 
ease and despatch in execution, distinctness in shape and position, with an 
-unconstrained combination. I found that four simple characters (which 
by being placed each in four different positions, make sixteen,) and four 
irregulars added, would be sufficient to represent the sounds of every 
letter in the English alphabet. I have examined a great variety of works 
on Short Hand, most of which, especially American editions, were merely 
distorted, confused compilations from old English works, and abounding 
with more characters, arbitrary terminations, &c. and those often of a 
more difficult form to execute than the common manuscript letters. — 
The adoption and use of such systems, would in reality, be "gaining a 
loss" and oblige one to write much slower than in the common hand ! 

If there is any resemblance between the signs used here, and those 
of any other system, it was not from any intention on my part, for I have 
not borrowed a single character. 

It would be a loss of time and patience, to go into the particular de- 
tails of the intended merits of this system, since by a few minutes exam- 
ining, and compairing it with others, a person can form his own opin- 
ion. But it may just be observed, that having taken every view of 
this , in all its bearings and consequences; I have very naturally come to 
this hackneyed, obvious snd almost invariable conclusion (either ex- 
pressed or implied) of every author, in regard to his own, whether a 
great or small work, viz. " Tins is superior to any thing of the kind 

EVER BEFORE PUBLISHED. " 

Philadelphia, March, 1823. 



In this edition are given, tables of words from one to six syllables, and 
the modes of abbreviation, together with rules and examples for practical 
exercises, in the typographical part. Any further examples on the plates 
were considered unnecessary. Some of the rules of practice, were selec- 
ted from other authors on Short Hand. 

For the satisfaction of those interested, I here give a comparative view 
of different systems of Short Hand, leaving the candid reader to draw his 
own conclusion. 

Number of char- 
acters, &c. used by 
Jfames of the authors* those authors. 

^Gurney, - - - " - -- - -32 with many 

arbitraries, &c, 

Byrom, -------- 33 do. 

Ewington, --------33 do. 

Hodson, - - - - - - - - 30 do. 

Mavor, -._-.-*-- 30 do. 

Clive, ° 24 do. 

^Rees. - . 25 do! 



3 

CO 



Ilewett, - - 16 regular 

characters. Less than these in number, there cannot be, and give sound 
to the alphabetical letters, and more there need not be. From calcula- 
tion it has been found, that in order to take down after a speaker, it is 
necessary to make from 250 to 270 strokes or characters in one minute; 
so that a person can determine by a watch at any any time, how far he 
is advanced towards practical perfection in this desirable art, the cer* 
tain attainment of which will depend entirely on his perseverance. 
Washington January 28th, 1824. 



ABBB,"EY1ATI03*8>. 

In Short Hand Writing* there are an abbreviations in three respects* 
viz: 

1. By substituting- Signs, or Simple Characters, which are made quick, 
generally with one vibration of the pen, for the common manuscript let- 
ters, some of which require six vibrations, or strokes of the pen, to make 
them. This is a vast improvement in facilitating* one's writing*. 

2. There is also a great abridgement in Orthography, or method of 
spelling words, by the consonants only, omitting all vowels, except in a 
few instances, where they are attached to strongly accented syllables. 

3. By omitting* all words of minor importance, or ouch as are not abso- 
lutely necessary to the correct understanding, and faithful reporting 
of a speech or sermon. 

Each of these three methods will now be fully explained, by giving 
all necessary Examples and Rules. 

CHAPTER I. 

Abbreviations by substituting simple Signs for the common Letters. 
On the left hand narrow column of Plate 1, are the common letters, 
and on the wide column at the right of it, are the characters that Are 
substituted for those letters. Each character is repeated a number of 
times on a line, that the learner may have an example of the manner in 
which he is to proceed in repeating, till his memory can retain, and his 
hand execute, each of the said characters with the utmost facility. 

Note. — To make a b for instance stand for ab, eb, ib, ob, ub, ba, be, 
Sec. .as is the case in this system, seems at first thought, extremely arbi- 
trary and liable to render one's Short Hand illegible. But the fact will 
be found entirely otherwise; and that besides the vast superiority this 
method has over other systems in expedition, that it can be deciphered 
much easier than where dots he. supply the place of vowels, 



AMPLIATIONS. 

&> SEE OPPOSITE PLATE. 

PLAN. 
Each of the consonants, whose sound will admit, has a vowel sup- 
posed to be either prefixed or subjoined to it, and sounded accordingly; 
thus b is supposed to give the sound ab, eb, ib, ob, ub, or ba, be, bi, bo, bu>- 
and so on for the others. These consonants are also, when standing 
alone, representatives of certain words, as here subjoined. 

Lettes. Sounds attached to the Letters. Arbitrages. 

b ab, eb, ib, ob, ub — ba, be, bi, bo, bu. been, has been. 

d ad, ed, id, od, ud — da, de, di, do, du. did, done, down. 

f af, ef, if, of, uf, — fa, fe, fi, fo, fu, fy, for, from. 

g (g hard or soft,) ag, eg, ig, og, ug— ga, ge,"? , 

g"i>go, gy, ) b b 

h ■ ha, he, hi, ho hu, hy. had, has, here* 

k (also c hard, and q) ak, ek, ik, ok, uk-ka, ~> Q 

ke, ki, ko, ku, ky. 3 

1 al, el, il, ol, ul — la, le, li, lo, hi, ly. 

m am, em, im, om, um — ma, me, mi, mo, mu, my. may, must, might. 

n an, c«, in, un, uii — na, ne, iri, uu, nu, ny. into, upon. 

o oh, alas, &c. 

p ap, ep, ip, op, up— pa, pe, pi po, pu, py. 

r ar, er, ir, or, ur — ra, re, ri, ro, ru, ry. are, our. 

s (c soft, and z) as, es, is, os us — sa, se, si, so, su, sy. shall, have. 

t at, et, it, ot, ut — ta, te, ti, to, tu, ty. that, towards. 

v av, ev, iv, ov, uv — va, ve, vi, vo, vu, vy. 

w oru. a\v> evv, ow — wa, we, wi, wo, wu, wy. who, whom, which, whaV 

y ) r a, y e > )0, yu, (or you.) also I when placed high up in the line. 

e a, e, or i 

o & 

, &c. 

Note. — Either of the vowels, a, e, •or. i, is expressed by a very 
small e, which supercedes the dot used in common systems, and is made 
much quicker. The sounds of these three vowels also, are so near alike 
in most cases, as to answer every purpose for the writing or reading! of 
Short Hand. 

Note. — This Alphabet, which is the shortest and simplest yet pub- 
lished, is the key to the whole mystery of Stenography. The learner 
will therefore be particularly careful to observe the exact forms and po- 
sitions of the characters, and be completely ready, so as to execute ei- 
ther of them at the instant he hears it pronounced. 

Note 2. — The little loop that distinguishes the h, (and so for the 
others,) from the b, may be made on either side of the main body of the 
character, but always ut the bee-innimr,. 



HEWETTS 



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CHAPTER II. 



AB JEVIATIOJfS IN OHTHOGnAPIIT, 



f For ds of one syllable. 

Note. — Examples have already been given in which a vowel was un- 
derstood to be either prefixed or subjoined to each of the single conso- 
nants. The same is here supposed in regard to \0wel9 being" subjoined 
to two or more consonants. 





Syllabless at Ian 


fe. 


Expressed by. 




bla 


ble bli 


bio 


blu 


bl 






pla 


pie pli 


plo 


plu 


Pi 






bra 


bre bri 


bro 


bru 


br 






era 


ere cri 


cro 


cm 


cr 






pra 


pre pri 


pro 


pru 


pr 






gra 


gre gri 


gro 


gru 


gr 






dra 


dre dri 


dro 


dm 


dr 






gla 


gle gli 


glo 


glu 


g* 






sha 


she shi 


sho 


shu 


Mil 






qua 


que qui 


quo 




k 






spa 


spe spi 


spo 


spu 


sp 






tra 


tre tri 


tro 


tru 


tr 






spla 


sple spli 


splo 


splu 


spl 






spra 


spre spri 


spro 


spru 


spr 






stra 


stre stri 


stro 


stru 


str 






swa 


swe swi 


swo 


swu 


sw 






if one syllable, having 


■ one or more toivels between the consonant^ 








Words of two syllables. 




abridgd. At arge. 


abridgd. 


At large. 


abrigd. 


At large 


abrigd 




bg Cang 


kn 


Duty 


dty 


Wager 


wgr 




fg Pan 


pn 


Dyer 


dyr 


Abbot 


bt 




kg Bilt 


bit 


Flagrant 


flgrnt 


Advent 


dvnt 




gg" Hilt 


hit 


Fluent 


flnt 


Batter 


btv 




hg Milt 


mlt 


Frugal 


frgl 


Bitter 


bit 




rg Jilt 


jit 


Fuel 


fl 


Chapter 


shpti5 




bg Band 


bnd 


Glory 


giry 


Differ 


dfr 




fg Land 


lnd 


Grant 


grnt 


Dinner 


dnr 




gg Sand 


snd 


Holy 


hly 


Faggot 


fe* 




wg Bled 


bid 


Riot 


rte 


Flatter 


fltr- 




ak Bred 


brd 


Ruin 


rin 


Funnel 


M 




Clog 


klg 


Ruler 


rlr 


Gallop 


g*P 




b Camp 


kmp 


Rural 


rl 


Gipsy 


gW 




eg Bind 


bnd 


Student 


stnt 


Glimmer 


glmr 




1* Find 


fnd 


Precept 


prspt 


Merry 


mry 




ks Bold 


bid 


Truent 


trnt 


Scatter 


sk/r 




rns Hold 


hid 


Tutor 


tr 


Muddy 


mdy 




slv Gale 


& 












Blank 
Frank 


blnk 
fmk 











Words 

At large. 

Bag 

Fag 

Cag 

Gag 

Hag 

Rag 

Big 

Fig 

Gig 

"Wig 

Act 

Ell 

Ebb 

Less 
Kiss 

Miss 
Slave 



Nots. When two consonants of the same kind come together in 

the common mode of spelling, the same two are expressed in Short Hantf 
by one consonant made t-wice its common size, and the same is here- ex« 
pressed by being put in Italic. 

Note 2.— There are no Capitals uesd in Short Hand; tho' proper names, 
%c. are often written in larger characters than common, 



8 



- 


WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES. 


Words at La 


rge. Abridged 


Words at Larg 


e. Abridged. 


Cruelty 


krlty 


Happiness 


h/r'ns 


Clemency 


*klmnsy 


Enjoyment 


njrmnt 


Diadem 


dm 


Commission 


k/>isn 


Dialect 


dlkt 


Practical 


prktl 


Drollery 


di-lrv 


Publican 


pblkn 


Dutiful 


dtft 


Radical 


rdkl 


Laziness 


Isns 


Salary 


slry 


Library 


lbry 


Sentinal 


sntni 


Lunacy 


Insy 


Slippery; 


slpiy 


Nutriment 


ntrmt 


Sillabub 


sib 


Scruteny 


skrntny 


Summary 


s?nry 


Simony 


smny 


Supplement 


s/Amt 


Vagrancy 


vgrnsv 


Symetry 


s?ntry 


Animal 


mnl 


Villainy 


V/nv* 


Adamant 


admnt 


Glossery 


gl.srv 


Amity 


mty 


Politic 


pltk 


Amnesty 


mnsty 


Conjugal 


kngl 


Arrogant 


rgnt' 


Perfidy 


prfdy 


Butterfly 


b*ny 


Ahasement 


bsmt 


Calandar 


klndr 


Apparent 


pmt 


Chastity 


slrs/y 


Confinement 


knfnmt 


Capital 


kptl 


Deportment 


dprtmnt 


Classical 


klskl 


Spectator 


spktr 


Effigy 


JSgt- 


Subscriber 


sbskrbr 


Citizen 


stsn 


Survivor 


WTf 


Embassy 


mbsy 


Overtake 


ovrtk 


Esculent 


skint 


Volunteer 


vlntr 


Gallery 


g/ry 


Incommode 


nk/rtd 


Garrison 


g7-sn 


Immature 


mtr 


Infantry 


nfntry 


Apprehend 


prhnd 


Communion 


k«w 


Recommend 


rkmnd 


Attendence 


fndns 


Disobey 


dsby 


Wilfully 


wlf/y 


Argument 


rgmnt 


Delinquent 


dlnknt 


Satisfy 


stsfy 


Habitual 


hbtl 


Obligate 


blgt 


Compromise 


kmprms 


Performance 


prfmns- 


Adjustment 


djstmnt 


Latitude 


lttd 


Qualify 


klfy 


Memory 


mry 


Undertake 


ndrtk 


Continue 


kntnu 


Amplify 


mplfy 


Amplify 


mplfy 


Correctness 


krkns 


Contrary 


knt;y 


Beautiful 


buta 






WORDS OF FOUR 


OR MORE SYLLABLES. 


At large. 


Abridged. 


^t Large, 


Abridged. 


Luminary 


lmiiij 


Tyranical 


tyrnkl 


Mandatory 


mndtry 


Apparratus 


prts 


Patrimony 


ptrmny 


Detrimental 


dtrmntl 


Inventory 


nvntry 


Energetic 


nrgtk 


Intricacy 


ntrksy 


Manifesto 


mnfsto 


Plane toiy 


plntry 


Affability 


/blty 


Purgotory 


/>rgtry 


Alphabetical 


lfbtkl 



s stands for c soft and z> sh for ch 9 h for c hard and £,/for ph, n for 
ion o-ivn on &c. as mav be seen elsewhere. 



At Large. Abridged. 

Analytical nltkl 

Argumentative argmntv 

Popularity p\vty 

Pusillanimous pslnms 

Testamentary tstmntry 

Circumambent srkmbnt 

Introductory ntrdktry 

Irresistable ratbl 

Metaphysical mtfskl 

Equiponderant ekpndrnt 

Phylosophical flsfkl 

Geographical ^rfkl 

Inaugeration nrgrtn 

Sequestration skstrtn 

Inadmissible ndmsbl 
Incomprehensible nkmprnsbi 

Valadictory vldktry 

Universally nvrsly 
Note. — There are various other methods of omitting" some letters and 

substituting one letter for another, in which the learner may exercise his 

pwn judgment. 

TERMINATIONS OF WORDS. 

The words of. the English language, unlike those of the Latin or, 
Greek, have so many different and arbitrary terminations that it is imprac- 
ticable to bring all of them under any general rules, yet the greater part 
of them will be found in the following table: 

TERMINATIONS OF WORDS. 



At Large. 


Abridged. 


Miscellany 


mslny 


Tributary 


trbtry 


Sublunary 


sblnry 


Sublimity 


sblmty 


Promissary 


prmsry 


Commentary 


kmntry 


Commissary 


k?»sry 


Community 


kmnty 


Memorial 


wrl 


Delinquency 


dlnksy 


Hostility 


hstlty 


Necessity 


nsty 


Terrestrial 


trstrl 


Predominate 


prdmnte 


Metropolis 


mtrpls 


Eternity 


trnty 


Posterity 


pstrty 


Reciprocal 


rsprkl 



Terminations at 




At Large. 


Abridged. 


Large, 


Abridged. 


tie 


tl 


out 


ot 


same 


sm 


must? 
most 5 


mst 


ring 
ship 


rng 
sp 


ment 


mt 


men 


mn 


ous "^ 




ick 


k 


eous V 


qs or s 


sive 


sv 


us 3 




quent 


knt 


ion 


on 


face 


fa 


ced"> 
sed y 


sd 


ness 
ges 


ns 
gs 


tor 


tr 


ound 


nd 


nse 


ns 


ful 


ft 


ble 


bl 


fare "> 
fore} 


fr 


less 


Is 


ward 


wrd 


dom 


dm 


tch v 


tK 


ing 


ng; 


tions "\ 








ton | 








town Y 


tn 






scion J 








scyonj 

Such is the construction of 


English sentences, that the short words 


called in grammar prepositions, tho* few in number, 


occur veiy frequent* 


ly, and therefore make an important class of words. 


The following are 


the principal prepositions in use. 





10 



At Large. 


Abbreviated. - 


At Large. 


Abbreviated. 


About 


abt 


For 


f 


Above 


bv 


From 


f 


After 


ftr 


In 


n 


Against 


gnst 


Into 


n 


Along" 


lng 


Near 


nr 


Among 


mng 


Nigh 


ny 


Amongst 


mngst 


Of 


f 


Around 


rnd 


Off 


f 


At 


t 


On 


n 


Before 


bfr 


Over 


ovr 


Behind 


bhnd 


Round 


rnd 


Below 


blw 


Since 


sns 


Beneath 


bnth 


Through 


thr 


Beside 


bsde 


Towards 


t 


Between 


btwn 


Up 


P 


Beyond 


bynd 


Upon 


n 


By 


b 


Under 


ndr 


Concerning 


knsng 


With 


w 


Down 


dn 


Within 


wthn 


deriving 


drng 


Without 


wtht 


* Except 7 
Ecepting 5 


ekspng 








TECHNICAL TERMS. 




IN L 


LEGISLATIVE TERMS 


At Large. 


Abridged. 


At Large. 


Abridged* 


Abatement 


btmnt 


Administration- 


dmnstrtn 


Administrator 


dmstrtr 


Amendment 


mndmt 


Adjourn 


djrn 


Ambassador 


mbsdr 


Amendment 


mndmt 


Apointment 


apnmt 


Appearance 


aprns 


Auditor 


awdtr 


Assets 


ssts 


Committee 


"kmte 


Bailment 


blmt 


Department 


dprtmt 


Bar 


br 


Drawback 


drvvb k 


Defendent 


dfdnt 


Equalization 


eklsatn 


Court 


krt 


Foreign 


fren 


Caption 


kptn 


Federal 


fdrl 


Covert 


kvrt 


Government 


gvmt 


Defamation 


dfmtn 


House 


hs 


Deponent 


dpnt 


Legislative 


lgstv 


Devastavit 


dvsvt 


Loan 


In 


Damages 


dmgs 


Member 


mbr 


Evidence 


vdns 


Majority 


rajrty 


Forfeit 


frft 


Minority 


mnrty 


Feofment 


fmt 


Message 


msge 


Habeus corpus 


hkrps 


Manufactory 


mnfktry 


Indictment 


ndtmt 


Nay 


nv 


Interlocutory 


ntrlktry 


National 


ntnl 


Indemnify 


ndmnfy 


Negative 


ngtv 


Imparle 


mprl 


Order 


rdr 


Impeachment 


mpshmt 


Parliamentary 


prlmntrjr 


Jury 


jry 


President 


prsdnt 


judgm ent 


jgnrt 


Pensioner 


pnsnr 


Libel 


Ibl 


People 


pi 


L aw 


lw 


Quorum 


krm 



W&en x occurs, which is seldom, a small hs takes its sound. 



11 



IN LAW. 


LEGISLATP 


VT. TERMS. 


At Large. 


Abridged. 


At Large. 


Abringed. 


Municipal 


mnspl 


Question 


kstn 


Overt 


ovrt 


Reimbursement 


rmbrsmt 


Pleading's 


pldngs 


Representative 


rpsntv 


Plaintiff 


plntf 


Report 


rprt 


Record 


rkrd 


Speaker 


spkr 


Rejoinder 


rjndr 


Section 


sktn 


Replevin, 


rplvn 


Salvage 


slvg 


Trial 


trl 


Session 


ssn 


Testimony 


tstmny 


Tariff 


*/ 


Traverser 


trvsr 


Treaty 


trty 


'Verdict 


vrdk 


Union 


wn 


Witness 


wtns 


Vote 


vt 






Vice-President 


v prsdt 






Yea 


ya 


WORDS WH 


At Large. 


Abbreviated, 


At Large. 


Abbreviated. 


God 




Heaven 


hvn 


Godhead 




Grace 


grs 


Christ 




Adam 


adm 


Holy Ghost 




Abel 


abl 


Jehovah 




Abraham 


abrm 


Angel 


ngl 


Deuteronomy 


dutrnmy 


Saint 


St 


Eclesiastes 


eklsts 


Christian 


krstn 


Epistle 


epsl 


Divine 


dvn 


Ephesians 


efesnis 


Divinity 


dvnty 


Esaias 


esas 


Sacrament 


skmt 


Pctci- 


ptr 


Repentance 


rpntns 


Philip 


fl P 


Regeneration 


rgnrtn 


Psalm 


slm 


Conviction 


kvktn 


Revelation 


rvltn 


Conversion 


kvrtn 


Thomas 


thms 


Justification 


jsfktn 


Thessalonians ; 


thslns 


Perfection 


prfktn 


Discourse 


dskrs 


Death 


dth 


Prophets 


prfts 


Grave 


grv 


Evangelist 


i vnglst 


Resurrection 


rsrktn 


Blessing 


bhng 


Judgment 


jdgmt 







ABBREVIATIONS 

Of the Names of the several States of the Union, as given by 
JMaster General, in 1822. 



the Post 



Columbia District 


€a 


Maryland 


Md 


Connecticut 


Cn 


New Hampshire 


NH 


Delaware 


D 


North Carolina 


NC 


Georgia 


G 


New Jersey 


ff Jf 


Indiana 


lu 


*^©w Vrtflr 


Ntf 


Illinois 


111 


Ohio 


b 


Kentucky 


K 


Pennsylvania 


P 


Louisiana 


L 


Rhode Island 


RI 


Maine 


Me 


South Carolina 


SC 


Michigan T 


MicT Tennessee 


T 


Massachusetts 


Ms 


Virginia 


Va 


Mississippi 


Mi 


Vermont 


Vt 


Missouri 


Mo 






Note. — In practice, 


it would probably be best to write these abridge 


ments of proper names in the common hand, 





12 



WORDS CONTRASTED IN MEANING 



And which 


occur very of ten. - 


-The learner 


may abbreviate these words 




in 


his 


own way 




rich 


poor 




sea 


land 


free 


bond 




wet 


dry 


great 


small 




rough 


smooth 


old 


young" 




wise 


foolish 


brave 


cowardly 




learned 


ignorant 


up 


down 




far 


near 


hot 


cold 




narrow 


wide 


cool 


warm 




loose 


tight 


pure 


impure 




strong 


weak 


sweet 


sour 




alive 


dead 


handsome 


ugly 




sick 


well 


long 


short 




good 


bad 


heaven 


hell 









RULES OF PRACTICE, 

Which should be well understood by all who use this System, and 
which are equally applicable to any System of Short Hand. 
Rule 1. All that is written should be done very distinctly. 

2. Omit all the letters you can in spelling, and still preserve the 
sound. 

3. Let not the pen be taken off the paper from beginning to the end 
of a word. 

4. Write always quick as possible, and beware of that sleepy, lifeless, 
hesitating manner, which is a dangerous symptom, and may lead to a 
slow habit of writing. 

5. In the early part of your practice, when writing after a speaker or 
reader, omit all the words you can, barely retaining the outline; but after 
having acquired a facility and expedition, write down as many as you can. 

6. In the early part of your practice, either procure a person to read 
to you, at first deliberately, or take a book on any science with which 
jou wish to become more familiar, read a sentence over once, then with- 
out looking at it again, write it down in short hand. 

7. Attempting to read should ever be deferred till the last thing, or 
until you can write with great expedition, after which, read over twice 
whatever you write, and you will soon become an expert reader. 

8. In passages that are sinuous, intricate, or obscure, write more; where 
they are plain and common place, omissions may be more freely indulg- 
ed in. 

9. Consider what is the principal department in which you intend to 
exercise this art, whether in divinity, law, medicine, surgery, or in the 
legislature, and make yourself most familiar with the technical terms 
used in that department. 

10. In punctuation, a sing-l** <?o*»ma turned to the right, as at the com- 
mencement of a quotation, may be made at the end of a period; a com- 
mon dot at the end of a paragraph, and a straight line may denote a 
chasm. The interrogation may have its usual office. A fine drawn 
under the writing may denote that the same is repeated; drawn over may 
denote great stress to be laid on the words as proper names, &c. 

11. The Arabic figures may designate numbers as usual, allowing a sim" 
pie dot to answer the place" of a cvpher ithus for 10, 1. 20, 2. 100, 1/ 
1000, 1... &Cc 



t^le ,■/>.'/;,',/, /.j /'?>//v/,y,,-(/. 



3 C 



6 '&#'</ KA 4- A 



\ 

/ 



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L k 






\« 



z 



z 



fV 



^ 



/ / 



i K 



^ 



; 


L U 


7 


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9 c °~ \ s 5 Aj Cn y £~ a °\ 

u? c^~ <J\ kj\ uO ur, \P u/ ^_ u\ uj <~y 

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V Y ,)? y-\ V V > V Va V 



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V 



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u 



^ /■■ /e. 



/L 



.^ /j ^ ^-/^ /k ^ j (, /h f 1_4 







13 



12. Soon as convenient after having 1 taken down a speech or sermon,, 
read it over very deliberately and supply by interliniation all such little 
words as were left out, the omission of which would render the sense ob- 
scure. After this, your writing" may be laid asside, and read at any 
time. 

13. If any particular difficulty should ever occur in reading, change 
the characters into common letters by writing them on a strip of paper 
when the difficulty will probably vanish. 

14. In expeditious practice, write as small as you can and preserve 
distinctness, for by this your velocity will be great in proportion to the 
momentum of the Pen. It may be considered an axiom of common 
sense that a short character can be made quicker than a long one; or 
that one can go a rod quicker than he can a mile — Five or six lines may 
be written on a space one inch wide. 



.oOj SEE OPPOSITE PLATE. 

As on the upper part of the opposite plate, commencing' with the lin/e 
which runs across from the left to the right, thus: bd, bf, bg, bh, bk, bl, 
bm, bn, &c. and on the second line, db, df, dg, dh, and so on for the re- 
maining sixteen lines. In copying these combined characters; the learn- 
er should write line for line, and continue on each till the characters and 
letters they represent are familiar to the mind, and readily made with a 
pen. Then he may proceed to the Practical Exercises. 

PRACTICAL EXERCISES. 

On the opposite plate towards the bottom in the small columns are the 
following words written in Short Hand. 





Do. abridged 


in 


Do. abridged in 




spelling as 


on 


op- 


spelling as on op- 


Words at Large 


posite plate. 




Words at Large. 


posite plate. 


Many 


mny 




Vermont 


vrmnt 


Demand 


dmnd 




Pennsylvania 


pnslvna 


Command 


kmnd 




Ohio 


oho 


Man 


nm 




Indiana 


indna 


Woman 


wmn 




Delaware 


dlware 


Lady 


ldy 




Maryland 


mrylnd 


Gentleman 


gntlmn 




Virginia 


vrgna 


Beauty 


buty 




Missouri 


msure 


Learning 


Irnng 




North Carolina 


nklna 


Boston 


bstn 




South Carolina 


sklna 


New York 


nyrk 




Georgia 


grge 


Philadelphia 


feldlfe 




Alabama 


albma 


Baltimore 


bltmr 




Mississippi 


msepe 


Massachusetts 


_ msshuts 




Louisiana 


lusna 


Rhode Islana 


rOslni 








In the lower 


column of all 


are 


these two lines of poetry, whidi at 



large are 

" A frame of adamant, a soul of fire, 
No dangers frighten, and no labours tire," 
The same abridged and in one line. 

frme f adamnt sol f fre, no dngrs fritn & no lbrs tre 
Note. — The words above, the same as on the plate have not so great 
an abbreviation as is usual in writing Short Hand. It was thought best, 
not to abridge too much at first. 



14 

CHAPTER III. 

Abbreviations by the omission of words. 

The following narrative pieces, are given at large, and directly undeu- 
them their outlines; the latter are examples of how much in proportion 
to the whole, a new beginner in the practice of Stenography, should at- 
tempt writing. 

Courage and judgment united in necessity. 

The Romans being ready to join battle with the Albans, to avoid blood- 
shed, it was agreed by both parties, that the victory should be determin- 
ed by three champions against three on either side. There happened 
to be in* each camp three brothers, born at one birth, of equal years and 
equal statue: the three lloratii for the Romans, and the three Curiatii 
for the Albans. After a doubtful conflict, two of the Romans were slain, 
and the third finding himself unable to contend with the three Albans to- 
gether, feigned fear, and ran away, and by this stratagem drew his adver- 
saries asunder, who by reason of their wounds could not run with e qual 
speed; upon which he turned back, slew them, one by one in single fight, 
and obtained the victory for the Romans. 

The outline of the above. 

The Romans. 
Albans, 
agreed 

three champions 
in each camp three brother^. 
Horatii 
Romans 
Curiatii 
Albans, 

two of the Romans slain, 
the third Roman 
feigned fear, 

drew his adversaries asunder, 
victory for Romans. / 

Filial piety respected by enemies. 

When the city of Troy was taken by the Greeks, after the first furjr 
of plunder was, oyer, the conquerors, pitying the misfortunes of their 
captives, caused it to be proclaimed, that every free citizen had the 
liberty of taking away anv one thing which he valuta must: upon which 
JEneas, neglecting ever} Oilng else, only carried away with him his 
household gods. The Greeks, delighted with his piety, gave him per- 
mission to carry away with him any other thing he had the greatest re- 
gard for; and immediately he took upon his shoulders his aged father, 
who was grown decrepit, and was carrying him out of the town: the 
Greeks struck with his filial duty, gave him leave to take away every 
thing that belonged to him; declaring that Nature itself would not suffer 
them to be ejiemies to such as shewed so great piety to the gods, and 
and so great reverence to their parents. 



15 

The outline. 

When the city of Troy 
plunder was over, 
proclaimed, that every free citizen 
which he valued most: 
iEneas, neglecting all but 
his household gods. 
The Greeks, delighted 
any other thing- 
his aged father: 
the Greeks, struck 
every thing that belonged to him; 
Mature itself would not suffer them 
piety to the gods 
reverence to their parents. 

Candor in a Criminal pleasantly rewarded. 

The Duke of Ossuna, as he passed by Barcelona, having got leave ot' 
the King of Spain to release some Slaves, he went on board the galleys, 
and passing through the benches of slaves at the oar, he asked several of 
them what their offences were. — Every one excused himself: one saying 
he was put there out of malice, another by the bribery of the judge: but 
all of them unjustlv. Among the rest there was a little sturdy fellow; 
and the Duke asked him what he was therefor— " Sir," said he, "I can- 
not deny but I am justly sent here; for I wanted money, and so I took a 
purse upon the highway to keep me from starving. 9 ' Upon which the 
Duke, with a little stick he had in his hand, gare him two or three blows 
upon the shoulders, saying, " you rogue, what do you do among so many 
honest men? Get you gone out of their company." So he was freed, and 
-the rest remained there still to tug at the oar. 



EXTRACT FROM CURRAN'S SPEECH 

Gentlemen of the jury, let me ask you honestly what do you feet* 
when in my hearing, when in the face of this audience you are called upon 
to give a verdict that every man of tts, and ever man of you, know by the 
testimony of your own eyes to be utterly and absolutely false ? I speak not 
now of the public proclamation of informers, with a promise of secrecy 
and extravagant reward; 1 speak not of those horrid wretches who have 
been so often transferred, from the table to the dock, and from the dock to 
the pilloiy; I speak of what your own eyes have seen day after day during 
the course of this commission, from the box where you are now sitting; 
the number of horrid miscreants, who avowed upon their oaths, that they 
had come from the very seat of 6 ^ w» mfin t — from the castle, where they 
had been worked upon by the fear of death and the hopes of compensation, 
to give evidence against their fellows, that the mild aud wholesome coun- 
cils of this government are holden over these catacombs of living death, 
where the wretch that is buried a man lies till his heart has time to fester 
and dissolve, and is then dug up a witness ! ! Is this fancy \ or is- it fact ? 
Have you not seen him after his resurection from that tomb; after having" 
been dug out from the region of death, make his appearance upon the table 
the living image of life and of death and the supreme arbiter of both ? 
Have you not marked when he entered, how the stormy wave of the mvlti' 



16 

tude retired at his approach ? Have you not marked how the human, 
heart bowed to the supremacy of his power, in the undissembled homage of 
deferential horror ? How his glance like the lightning of Heaven seemed 
to rive the body of the accused, and mark it for the grave, -while his voice 
"warned the devoted wretch of woe and death; a death which 7io innocence 
can escape, no ar* elude, no force resist, no antidote prevent, There was 
an antidote — a juror's oath — 6«* even *Aa* adamantine chain that bouud 
the integrity of man to the Throne of Eternal Justice, is solved and 
melted in the breath that issues from the informers mouth; conscience 
swings from her mooring, and the appailed and affrighted juror consults 
his own safety in the surrender of his victim. 

Note. — Those words in Italic contain as much of the subject as one 
neend write in following' a speaker. 

FROM CAMPBELL. 

Eternal Hope ! when yonder spheres sublime, 
Pealed their Jirst notes to sound the march of time; 
Thy joyous youth began, but not to fade, 
"When all thy sister planets have decayed; 
When ivrapt in. fire the realms of ether gloiv, 
And Heaven 's last thunder shakes the world below, 
Thou undismayed shall o're the rwf n smile, 
And ft^fa thy (orc/i at natures funeral />£fe. 

Note. — In the two last pieces which are for practice the writer is left to 
make his own abreviation in orthography. 



RECOMMENDATION. 

The following notice from the nen of Mr. Walsh, of Phila^ 
Jelphia, is one among many very flattering notices, taken of 
the author's first edition. 

H Mr. D. Hewett, public lecturer on Geography, in this city, has just 
published a new and complete system of stenography. It appears to 
us, to be ingenius, and to possess the merits which he particularly stu- 
died, to give it brevity, clearness and simplicity. Every economy of time 
and labor is valuable; and since much $f both is saved by short hand wro'« 
this art should be earnestly recommended to all members of the 
learned professions. ^, — Literary Register, Aprix, 1823, 



THE Author of this System, intending to revisit, and still 
continue teaching in a few more of the large cities, before visit- 
ing Europe, makes this general statement to gentlemen, where- 
ever he may be, that he will make them completely acquaint- 
ed with the Theory of Stenography, in 6 hours, for 82; and 
that he will advance them to a degree of practical perfection, 
(or so far as to note down all necessary in order to report a 
Sermon or Speech ) in 40 Vmrs, for S3. This acquisition must 
always be made in the space of eight days from the date of 
the learner'^ commencement. 

City, January £8, 1$24 



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